Jainism and Patanjali Yoga (Comparative Study)
by Deepak bagadia | 2016 | 109,819 words
This page relates ‘Raudradhyana (cruel meditation)’ of the study dealing with the Spiritual Practices of Jainism and Patanjali Yoga in the context of ancient Indian Philosophy (in Sanskrit: Darshana), including extracts from the Yogasutra and the Tattvartha-Sutra. The system of Yoga offers techniques which are scientifically designed for the spiritual development of an individual. Jainism offers ethicical principles and meditation practices to assist with spiritual development.
Raudradhyana (cruel meditation)
To think in a cruel and murderous manner or inclination is “Raudra Dhyana”. It consists of continuously occupying mind with intense and cruel thoughts of violence, lies, stealing, harassing, killing or harming others, and sense-objects[1].
Accordingly the categories are:
1. Himsartha or Himsanandi raudra-dhyana: Sadist who enjoys violence gets involved in this Dhyana. He has intense purpose of having pleasure of violence.
2. Asatyartha or Mrusanandi raudra-dhyana: Intense purpose of untruthfulness.
3. Steyartha or Chauryanandi raudra-dhyana: Intense purpose of stealing.
4. Visaya-sanraksanartha or sanrakshanandi raudra-dhyana: Intense purpose of protecting objects of pleasure.
This occurs in unrestrained and partly restrained stages. A person is strongly inclined to resort to wrong means. That can prevail in first five stages of spiritual elevation. The intensity of thoughts is very high as compared to Artadhyana.
Here, finally the jiva doing raudradhyana gets Narakagati (complete suffering in infernal state or hell) according to Jnanarnava and Adhyatmasara.
Footnotes and references:
[1]:
hiṃsānṛtasteya viṣaya saṃrakṣaṇebhyo rodramaviratadeśaviratayoḥ | Tattvartha-sutra 9.19