Verse 3.7.136

Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.7.136:

निर्दिष्टविषयं किंचिदुपात्तविषयं तथा ।
अपेक्षितक्रियं चेति त्रिधापादानमुच्यते ॥ १३६ ॥

nirdiṣṭaviṣayaṃ kiṃcidupāttaviṣayaṃ tathā |
apekṣitakriyaṃ ceti tridhāpādānamucyate || 136 ||

136. A starting-point is of three kinds: that in relation to which a movement is mentioned, that in relation to which the verb expresses the movement only partly and that in relation to which some movement is required.

Commentary

Now begins the treatment of apādāna = starting point.

[Read verse 136 above]

[That which is still firm in a case of separation or departure is called apādāna = starting point. When something goes off from a starting-point, the latter is stable and that which goes off has movement. In grāmād āgacchati = ‘he comes from the village, the movement from the starting point is directly expressed. In valāhakād vidyotate vidyut = ‘the lightning flashes from the cloud, ‘flashes’ does not mean ‘shines’ only, but ‘comes out and shines, that is, the action in relation to which the cloud is the starting point is not mentioned but understood. There is a relation of primary and secondary between what is mentioned and what is understood. In māthurāḥ pāṭaliputrakebhya āḍhyatarāḥ = ‘the inhabitants of Mathurā are richer than those of Pātaliputra’, no action or movement is mentioned. But the word ‘pāṭaliputrakebhyaḥ has the fifth case-affix and so it denotes the starting-point. But a thing can be a starting point only in relation to a separation or departure which is therefore, required here. One has to supply something mentally.]

It is stated that separation or departure is not mere movement.