Verse 3.20 - The rivers dividing the regions

Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of Tattvartha sūtra 3.20:

गंगासिन्धुरोहिद्रोहितास्याहरिद्धरिकान्तासीतासीतोदानारीनरकान्तासुवर्णरूप्यकूलारक्तारक्तोदाः सरितस्तन्मध्यगाः ॥ ३.२० ॥

gaṃgāsindhurohidrohitāsyāhariddharikāntāsītāsītodānārīnarakāntāsuvarṇarūpyakūlāraktāraktodāḥ saritastanmadhyagāḥ || 3.20 ||

Gaṅgā, Sindhu, Rohita, Rohitāsyā, Harit, Harikāntā, Sītā, Sītodā, Nārī, Narakāntā, Suvarṇakūlā, Rūpyakūlā, Raktā, and Raktodā are the rivers flowing across these regions (Bharatavarṣa and the rest). (20)

Hindi Anvayarth:

अन्वयार्थ: (भरत में) गंगा, सिंधु, (हैमवत में) रोहित, रोहितास्या, (हरिक्षेत्र में) हरित्, हरिकान्ता, (विदेह में) सीता, सीतोदा, (रम्यक् में) नारी, नरकान्ता, (हैरण्यवत् में) स्वर्णकूला, रूप्यकूला और (ऐरावत में) रक्ता, रक्तोदा, इस प्रकार ऊपर कहे हुए सात क्षेत्रों में चौदह नदियाँ बीच में बहती हैं।

Anvayartha: (bharata mem) gamga, simdhu, (haimavata mem) rohita, rohitasya, (harikshetra mem) harit, harikanta, (videha mem) sita, sitoda, (ramyak mem) nari, narakanta, (hairanyavat mem) svarnakula, rupyakula aura (airavata mem) rakta, raktoda, isa prakara upara kahe hue sata kshetrom mem caudaha nadiyam bica mem bahati haim |

Explanation in English from Ācārya Pūjyapāda’s Sarvārthasiddhi:

What are the rivers dividing the regions?

The mention of ‘rivers’ is to clarify that these are not lakes. Do these rivers flow in the interior, border or vicinity of the regions? These flow in the middle of the regions.

What are the regions and the directions in which these rivers flow?

[see next sūtra]