Yoga-sutras (with Bhoja’s Rajamartanda)
by Rajendralala Mitra | 1883 | 103,575 words
The Yoga-Sutra 1.5, English translation with Commentaries. The Yogasutra of Patanjali represents a collection of aphorisms dealing with spiritual topics such as meditation, absorption, Siddhis (yogic powers) and final liberation (Moksha). The Raja-Martanda is officialy classified as a Vritti (gloss) which means its explanatory in nature, as opposed to being a discursive commentary.
Sūtra 1.5
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of Sūtra 1.5:
वृत्तयः पञ्चतय्यः क्लिष्टाक्लिष्टाः ॥ १.५ ॥
vṛttayaḥ pañcatayyaḥ kliṣṭākliṣṭāḥ || 1.5 ||
5. The functions are fivefold, (and they are either) painful or not painful.
The Rajamartanda commentary by King Bhoja:
[English translation of the 11th century commentary by Bhoja called the Rājamārtaṇḍa]
[Sanskrit text for commentary available]
To explain the term function, (the third word in A. II,) the author says:—
[Read Sūtra 1.5]
The “functions” (vṛttti) are certain modifications of the thinking principle. The word pañcatayi (five-fold) is formed by the addition of the affix tayap (Pāṇini v. ii. 42), and implies that the totality of the forms of the functions constitutes the form-bearer, and the functions severally are the forms thereof. The five functions are what are meant.
How are they? They are painful or not painful. “Those that are involved in sufferings of the kind about to be described are painful; those that are the reverse of these are not painful
Notes and Extracts
[Notes and comparative extracts from other commentaries on the Yogasūtra]
[This aphorism is a verbatim copy of Kapīla’s aphorism 33, Book II. It only propounds what are to be explained in subsequent aphorisms].
The five functions are to be described after being named.