Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.14.477
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.14.477:
समूहे च प्रदेशे च पञ्चावा इति दृश्यते ।
तथा विशेषणं सर्व इत्येतदुपपद्यते ॥ ४७७ ॥samūhe ca pradeśe ca pañcāvā iti dṛśyate |
tathā viśeṣaṇaṃ sarva ityetadupapadyate || 477 ||477. One does see the use of ḥhe pañcālāḥ for the whole or for the part. That is how the use of the adjective sarva (all, the whole) becomes explicable.
Commentary
[If the word pañcālāḥ the name of a country, is looked upon as a derivable word (vyutpanna) on the basis of being a place of residence, then the whole of the country as well as apart of it can be the place of residence of its masters (svāmiviśeṣāṇām). A country is not a whole like the body, it is more like the whole called forest. The whole with all its parts cannot be seen at the same time. It becomes a place of residence through its parts and becomes connected with action also in the same way, as in pañcālān praviṣṭaḥ. So the word becomes applicable to the whole as well as to a part. If it is not a derivable word, then also it can be applied to both. So there is no question of abandoning or taking anything. Just because the word can denote both, the adjective sarva (all) is sometimes used with it in order to avoid ambiguity.]
The support of the author of the M. Bhā. for this view is now pointed out.