Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.14.216
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.14.216:
सर्वादयो विशेषास्तु प्रदेशानां निवर्तकाः ।
यथा प्रदेशाः सामान्यप्रदेशान्तरबाधकाः ॥ २१६ ॥sarvādayo viśeṣāstu pradeśānāṃ nivartakāḥ |
yathā pradeśāḥ sāmānyapradeśāntarabādhakāḥ || 216 ||216. General words like sarva are also expressive of the particular and exclude other words expressive of the particular, just as words expressive of the particular exclude words denoting the general and other words expressive of the particular.
Commentary
[When words like sarva and viśva are used, even though they express a general meaning, they exclude words expressive of the particular. Thus they also perform the function of exclusion and become, in a sense, words expressive of the particular.]
The bahuvrīhi has been taught in the meaning of a word not included in it (anyapadārthe). That meaning is a combination of the meaning of a stem and of a suffix. If the compound is formed in this combined meaning, how the use of a word expressive of the particular in apposition to it is necessary has been explained so far. But the Bhāṣya has also put forward the view that the bahuvrīhi compound is formed in the meaning of the case-ending of the word not included in the compound. The use of a word in apposition to it even according to this view is now stated to be necessary.