Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.14.64
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.14.64:
विशेषः श्रूयमाणोऽपि प्रधानेषु गुणेषु वा ।
शब्दान्तरत्वाद् वाक्ये तु वृत्तौ नित्यं न विद्यते ॥ ६४ ॥viśeṣaḥ śrūyamāṇo'pi pradhāneṣu guṇeṣu vā |
śabdāntaratvād vākye tu vṛttau nityaṃ na vidyate || 64 ||64. Even if a qualifier of the primary or the secondary object is mentioned in the sentence, it is never so in the compound, because they arc totally different expressions.
Commentary
The subject of difference between the sentence and the compound is further considered.
[Read verse 64 above]
[In the sentence ṛddhasya rājñaḥ puruṣaḥ = ‘the prosperous king’s man’, a qualifier of the secondary word rājñaḥ is mentioned. But not so in the compound rājapuruṣaḥ. This can be explained only according to the view that the sentence and the compound are totally different expressions. If the compound is held to be derived from the sentence, the properties of the latter should be seen in the former. Similarly, in a bahuvrīhi compound, the anyapadārtha, the meaning of the outside word is included only in a very general way whereas in a sentence like citrā gāvo yasya Devadattasya, it is specified by the word Devadatta which cannot form part of the compound citraguḥ.]
In view of the previous statement that the secondary word in a compound cannot be connected with a qualifier outside it, the expression kṛtapūrvī kaṭam is now going to be considered.