Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.10.4
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.10.4:
संबोधनार्थः सर्वत्र मध्यमे कैश्चिदिष्यते ।
तथा संबोधने सर्वां प्रथमां युष्मदो विदुः ॥ ४ ॥saṃbodhanārthaḥ sarvatra madhyame kaiścidiṣyate |
tathā saṃbodhane sarvāṃ prathamāṃ yuṣmado viduḥ || 4 ||4. According to some, wherever there is the second person suffix, the idea of the vocative is understood. The nominative case (prathamā) coming after yuṣmad has always the meaning of the vocative.
Commentary
[It was said above that the Second person suffix expresses something sentient, different from that sentient thing which has the ego-sense. It does something more than that, according to some. It always draws the attention of the person spoken to, even when no command is expressed. This is the effect of the nominative case coming after yuṣmad when the verb is in the Second person as in tvaṃ pacasi.]