Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.9.39
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.9.39:
काले निधाय स्वं रूपं प्रज्ञया यन्निगृह्यते ।
भावास्ततो निवर्तन्ते तत्र संक्रान्तशक्तयः ॥ ३९ ॥kāle nidhāya svaṃ rūpaṃ prajñayā yannigṛhyate |
bhāvāstato nivartante tatra saṃkrāntaśaktayaḥ || 39 ||39. Objects, after having deposited in Time their particular form determined by Intelligence, after having transferred their powers to it, disappear.
Commentary
How can action which is past give Time its name?
[Read verse 39 above]
[The objects produced by the action, which is past are preserved in memory. The objects preserved in memory are called past objects, and it is they which give the name ‘past’ to the time when they were produced. The objects deposit in eternal time the form which they had when they were present. They arc then said to be remembered. The very fact that things are remembered is a proof of the existence of Time.]
How then to explain the name future?