Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana
by Gaurapada Dāsa | 2015 | 234,703 words
Baladeva Vidyabhusana’s Sahitya-kaumudi covers all aspects of poetical theory except the topic of dramaturgy. All the definitions of poetical concepts are taken from Mammata’s Kavya-prakasha, the most authoritative work on Sanskrit poetical rhetoric. Baladeva Vidyabhushana added the eleventh chapter, where he expounds additional ornaments from Visv...
Text 11.29
यथा,
भोगेप्सवः सकल-कामदम् अर्थ-लुब्धाः
सर्वार्थदं सुख-तृषश् च सुख-स्वरूपम् ।
लोकाधिपत्य-लसिता जगद्-ईश्वरं तं
कृष्णं द्विषन्ति दनुजाः कु-धियो बतैते ॥
yathā,
bhogepsavaḥ sakala-kāmadam artha-lubdhāḥ
sarvārthadaṃ sukha-tṛṣaś ca sukha-svarūpam |
lokādhipatya-lasitā[1] jagad-īśvaraṃ taṃ
kṛṣṇaṃ dviṣanti danujāḥ ku-dhiyo bataite ||
bhoga—sense gratification; īpsavaḥ—they desire to get; sakala—all (or to everyone); kāma-dam—He fulfills desires; artha—for wealth; lubdhāḥ—greedy; sarva—all (or to everyone); artha-dam—the giver of wealth; sukha—for happiness; tṛṣaḥ—thirsty; ca—and; sukha-svarūpam—whose nature is bliss; loka-ādhipatya—rulership of the worlds; lasitāḥ—they desire (laṣitāḥ); jagad-īśvaram—the Lord of the universe; tam—Him; kṛṣṇam—Kṛṣṇa; dviṣanti—despise; danu-jāḥ—demons (“born of Danu,” Dakṣa’s daughter); kudhiyaḥ—they have a contemptible intelligence; bata—how amazing; ete—these ones.
The Dānavas have a contemptible intelligence: They despise Kṛṣṇa. How strange! They crave sense gratification and He fulfils all desires. They are greedy for wealth and He bestows all wealth. They thirst for happiness and He has the nature of happiness. They want rulership over the worlds and He is the Lord of the universe. (Govinda-līlāmṛta 17.28)
Commentary:
Nāgeśa Bhaṭṭa says vicitra is included in the viṣama ornament because at the time of perceiving the meanings there is a perception of disparity between the connected ideas.[2] Vicitra has a distinct charm, yet the above verse is an instance of the viṣama ornament (disparity) because it is similar to the verse of Śiśupāla-vadha cited by Mammaṭa as an example of viṣama (Commentary 10.207). In addition, Nāgeśa Bhaṭṭa says viṣama also occurs when there is a description of somebody’s faults and of somebody else’s qualities.[3]
Footnotes and references:
[1]:
laṣitā (Govinda-līlāmṛta).
[2]:
evam iṣṭa-siddhy-artham iṣṭaiṣiṇā kriyamāṇam iṣṭa-viparīta-yatnācaraṇam (this is Jagannātha’s definition of vicitra) api viṣamam eva, yathā “namanti santas trailokyād api labdhuṃ samunnatim” (this is Jayadeva’s example). vācya-pratīti-velāyāṃ yoga-vaiṣamya-pratīteḥ. etenātra vicitrālaṅkāraḥ pṛthag ity apāstam (Uddyota on Kāvya-prakāśa verse 541).