Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 10.109.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ते॑ऽवदन्प्रथ॒मा ब्र॑ह्मकिल्बि॒षेऽकू॑पारः सलि॒लो मा॑त॒रिश्वा॑ । वी॒ळुह॑रा॒स्तप॑ उ॒ग्रो म॑यो॒भूरापो॑ दे॒वीः प्र॑थम॒जा ऋ॒तेन॑ ॥
तेऽवदन्प्रथमा ब्रह्मकिल्बिषेऽकूपारः सलिलो मातरिश्वा । वीळुहरास्तप उग्रो मयोभूरापो देवीः प्रथमजा ऋतेन ॥
te 'vadan prathamā brahmakilbiṣe 'kūpāraḥ salilo mātariśvā | vīḻuharās tapa ugro mayobhūr āpo devīḥ prathamajā ṛtena ||
English translation:
“These spoke first about Brahmā's sin, the boundless (sun), the water- god (Varuṇa), the wind-god(Vāyu), the fierce, wide-consuming fire, the source of happiness, (Soma), the divine waters, the first-born sonsof the truthful (Brahmā).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Legend: Juhū is vāc, speech, the wife of Brahmā. Vācaspati, the lord of speech,who is Bṛhaspati, is also said to be the husband of Juhū or Vāc. On some occasion, Bṛhaspati's sin resultedin her losing her husband's affections, and he deserted her. Afterwards the gods consulted together as to themeans of expiation of Bṛhaspati's sin, and restorred her to her husband
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): juhūrbrahmajāyā, ūrdhvanābhā vā brāhmaḥ [juhūrbrahmajāyā, ūrdhvanābhā vā brāhma];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
ते । अ॒व॒द॒न् । प्र॒थ॒माः । ब्र॒ह्म॒ऽकि॒ल्बि॒षे । अकू॑पारः । स॒लि॒लः । मा॒त॒रिश्वा॑ । वी॒ळुऽह॑राः । तपः॑ । उ॒ग्रः । म॒यः॒ऽभूः । आपः॑ । दे॒वीः । प्र॒थ॒म॒ऽजाः । ऋ॒तेन॑ ॥
ते । अवदन् । प्रथमाः । ब्रह्मकिल्बिषे । अकूपारः । सलिलः । मातरिश्वा । वीळुहराः । तपः । उग्रः । मयःभूः । आपः । देवीः । प्रथमजाः । ऋतेन ॥
te | avadan | prathamāḥ | brahma-kilbiṣe | akūpāraḥ | salilaḥ | mātariśvā | vīḷu-harāḥ | tapaḥ | ugraḥ | mayaḥ-bhūḥ | āpaḥ | devīḥ | prathama-jāḥ | ṛtena
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 10.109.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“describe; teach; speak; tell; say; call; name; enumerate; declare; diagnose; address; say; pronounce; express; instruct; order.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“first; prathama [word]; third; young; chief(a); best; antecedent.”
[noun], masculine
“Brahma; Brahmin; dhak; Brahman; brahman [word]; Brahman; Brahmin; Brahmapurāṇa; Vishnu; Brihaspati.”
[noun], locative, singular, neuter
“sin; fault; misdemeanor.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“turtle.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“wind; Mātariśvan; Vayu; vāta.”
[noun]
“hard; firm.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“curative; removing; destroying; killing; destructive.”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“penance; heat; Tapoloka; tapas [word]; ardor; austerity; summer; heat.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“powerful; awful; dangerous; intense; mighty; potent; colicky; atrocious.”
[noun], neuter
“pleasure; refreshment.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“Earth; floor; earth; bhū; Earth; one; saurāṣṭrā; three; land; land; place; world; bhū [word]; soil; pṛthivī; being; bhūja; floor; bhūnāga; sphaṭikā; beginning; birth; estate.”
[noun], nominative, plural, neuter
“water; body of water; water; ap [word]; juice; jala.”
[noun], nominative, plural, feminine
“Parvati; queen; goddess; Devi.”
[noun]
“first; prathama [word]; third; young; chief(a); best; antecedent.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“produced; caused; born; located; growing; descended from; consisting of; ja [word]; living; written; flourishing.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, neuter
“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”