Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.94.4

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

बृ॒हद्व॑दन्ति मदि॒रेण॑ म॒न्दिनेन्द्रं॒ क्रोश॑न्तोऽविदन्न॒ना मधु॑ । सं॒रभ्या॒ धीरा॒: स्वसृ॑भिरनर्तिषुराघो॒षय॑न्तः पृथि॒वीमु॑प॒ब्दिभि॑: ॥
बृहद्वदन्ति मदिरेण मन्दिनेन्द्रं क्रोशन्तोऽविदन्नना मधु । संरभ्या धीराः स्वसृभिरनर्तिषुराघोषयन्तः पृथिवीमुपब्दिभिः ॥
bṛhad vadanti madireṇa mandinendraṃ krośanto 'vidann anā madhu | saṃrabhyā dhīrāḥ svasṛbhir anartiṣur āghoṣayantaḥ pṛthivīm upabdibhiḥ ||

English translation:

“They cry aloud calling upon Indra with the intoxicating effused (Soma), they took the sweet Soma intotheir mouth, seized by the sister (fingers) the bold stones danced, filling the earth with shouts.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): arbudaḥ kādraveyaḥ sarpaḥ [arbuda kādraveya sarpa];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): grāvāṇaḥ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

बृ॒हत् । व॒द॒न्ति॒ । म॒दि॒रेण॑ । म॒न्दिना॑ । इन्द्र॑म् । क्रोश॑न्तः । अ॒वि॒द॒न् । अ॒ना । मधु॑ । स॒म्ऽरभ्य॑ । धीराः॑ । स्वसृ॑ऽभिः । अ॒न॒र्ति॒षुः॒ । आ॒ऽघो॒षय॑न्तः । पृ॒थि॒वीम् । उ॒प॒ब्दिऽभिः॑ ॥
बृहत् । वदन्ति । मदिरेण । मन्दिना । इन्द्रम् । क्रोशन्तः । अविदन् । अना । मधु । सम्रभ्य । धीराः । स्वसृभिः । अनर्तिषुः । आघोषयन्तः । पृथिवीम् । उपब्दिभिः ॥
bṛhat | vadanti | madireṇa | mandinā | indram | krośantaḥ | avidan | anā | madhu | sam-rabhya | dhīrāḥ | svasṛ-bhiḥ | anartiṣuḥ | āghoṣayantaḥ | pṛthivīm | upabdi-bhiḥ

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.94.4 English analysis of grammar]

bṛhad < bṛhat

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“large; great; loud; high; much(a); exalted; abundant; intensive; strong; huge.”

vadanti < vad

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“describe; teach; speak; tell; say; call; name; enumerate; declare; diagnose; address; say; pronounce; express; instruct; order.”

madireṇa < madira

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“intoxicant.”

mandinendraṃ < mandinā < mandin

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“intoxicant; exhilarating.”

mandinendraṃ < indram < indra

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

krośanto < krośantaḥ < kruś

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“cry; shout; lament.”

'vidann < avidan < vid

[verb], plural, Imperfect

“know; diagnose; perceive; know; accord; notice; deem; mind; learn; specify; watch; recognize; detect; call.”

anā

[adverb]

madhu

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”

saṃrabhyā < saṃrabh < √rabh

[verb noun]

“anger; agitate; inflame.”

dhīrāḥ < dhīra

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“expert; wise; intelligent; versed; adept.”

svasṛbhir < svasṛbhiḥ < svasṛ

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“sister; svasṛ [word].”

anartiṣur < anartiṣuḥ < nṛt

[verb], plural, Athematic is aor. (Ind.)

“dance; dance.”

āghoṣayantaḥ < āghoṣay < √ghuṣ

[verb noun], nominative, plural

pṛthivīm < pṛthivī

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“Earth; pṛthivī; floor; Earth; earth; pṛthivī [word]; land.”

upabdibhiḥ < upabdi

[noun], instrumental, plural, masculine

“trample.”

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