Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 10.61.10

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

म॒क्षू क॒नाया॑: स॒ख्यं नव॑ग्वा ऋ॒तं वद॑न्त ऋ॒तयु॑क्तिमग्मन् । द्वि॒बर्ह॑सो॒ य उप॑ गो॒पमागु॑रदक्षि॒णासो॒ अच्यु॑ता दुदुक्षन् ॥
मक्षू कनायाः सख्यं नवग्वा ऋतं वदन्त ऋतयुक्तिमग्मन् । द्विबर्हसो य उप गोपमागुरदक्षिणासो अच्युता दुदुक्षन् ॥
makṣū kanāyāḥ sakhyaṃ navagvā ṛtaṃ vadanta ṛtayuktim agman | dvibarhaso ya upa gopam āgur adakṣiṇāso acyutā dudukṣan ||

English translation:

“The Aṅgirasas, who were engaged in the nine months;' ceremonial, reciting the praise suited to therite, quickly attained the friendship of the maiden; those who seated in the two seats (heaven and earth) came totheir protector, as they had no donation, milked forth the inexhaustible (waters).”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

The maiden: Pṛs;'ni;kamanīyayaḥ stuteḥ = kanyaḥ; the Aṅgirasas attained the completion of their ceremony (by means) of thedesirable praise (taught them by Nābhānediṣṭha)? Had no donation: dakṣiṇāsaḥ; the Aṅgirasas beingboth yajamānas and priests, there could be no dakṣiṇā

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): nābhānediṣṭho mānavaḥ [nābhānediṣṭha mānava];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): viśvedevā:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

म॒क्षु । क॒नायाः॑ । स॒ख्यम् । नव॑ऽग्वाः । ऋ॒तम् । वद॑न्तः । ऋ॒तऽयु॑क्तिम् । अ॒ग्म॒न् । द्वि॒ऽबर्ह॑सः । ये । उप॑ । गो॒पम् । आ । अगुः॑ । अ॒द॒क्षि॒णासः॑ । अच्यु॑ता । दु॒दु॒क्ष॒न् ॥
मक्षु । कनायाः । सख्यम् । नवग्वाः । ऋतम् । वदन्तः । ऋतयुक्तिम् । अग्मन् । द्विबर्हसः । ये । उप । गोपम् । आ । अगुः । अदक्षिणासः । अच्युता । दुदुक्षन् ॥
makṣu | kanāyāḥ | sakhyam | nava-gvāḥ | ṛtam | vadantaḥ | ṛta-yuktim | agman | dvi-barhasaḥ | ye | upa | gopam | ā | aguḥ | adakṣiṇāsaḥ | acyutā | dudukṣan

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 10.61.10 English analysis of grammar]

makṣū

[adverb]

“promptly; soon; quickly.”

kanāyāḥ < kanā

[noun], genitive, singular, feminine

“girl.”

sakhyaṃ < sakhyam < sakhya

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“friendship; aid; company.”

navagvā < navagvāḥ < navagva

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Navagva.”

ṛtaṃ < ṛtam < ṛta

[noun], accusative, singular, neuter

“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”

vadanta < vadantaḥ < vad

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“describe; teach; speak; tell; say; call; name; enumerate; declare; diagnose; address; say; pronounce; express; instruct; order.”

ṛtayuktim < ṛta

[noun], neuter

“truth; order; fixed order; ṛta [word]; law; custom; custom.”

ṛtayuktim < yuktim < yukti

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“method; moderation; caution; reason; magic trick; proof; reasoning; suitability; application; trick; reason; standard; intelligence; consideration; addition.”

agman < gam

[verb], plural, Root aorist (Ind.)

“go; situate; enter (a state); travel; disappear; [in]; elapse; leave; reach; vanish; love; walk; approach; issue; hop on; gasify; get; come; die; drain; spread; transform; happen; discharge; ride; to be located; run; detect; refer; go; shall; drive.”

dvibarhaso < dvibarhasaḥ < dvibarhas

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“double.”

ya < ye < yad

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“who; which; yat [pronoun].”

upa

[adverb]

“towards; on; next.”

gopam < gopa

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“cowboy; Gopa; defender.”

āgur < āguḥ < āgā < √gā

[verb], plural, Root aorist (Ind.)

“come; arrive.”

adakṣiṇāso < a

[adverb]

“not; akāra; a [taddhita]; a [word]; a; a.”

adakṣiṇāso < dakṣiṇāsaḥ < dakṣiṇā

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“Dakṣiṇā; south; dakṣiṇā [word]; gift; South.”

acyutā < acyuta

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“firm; regular; permanent; immovable; unchanging.”

dudukṣan < dudukṣ < √duh

[verb], plural, Present injunctive

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