Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 8.72.7

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

दु॒हन्ति॑ स॒प्तैका॒मुप॒ द्वा पञ्च॑ सृजतः । ती॒र्थे सिन्धो॒रधि॑ स्व॒रे ॥
दुहन्ति सप्तैकामुप द्वा पञ्च सृजतः । तीर्थे सिन्धोरधि स्वरे ॥
duhanti saptaikām upa dvā pañca sṛjataḥ | tīrthe sindhor adhi svare ||

English translation:

“Seven milk one (cow), the two direct the five, on the resounding shore of the river.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

One (cow): ekam =gharma, or earthen vessel so called, which is used to boil milk in the pravargya ceremony. Seven: the sevenofficiating priests or assistants, two of him, the pratiprasthātā and the adhvaryu, are said to direct theperormance of the other five, viz., the yajamāna or instrumental tutor, the brāhmaṇa, the hotā, the agnīdhra and theprastotā. Resounding shore: exclamations used in the sacrifice performed by the ṛṣi of the hymn

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): haryataḥ prāgāthaḥ [haryata prāgātha];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agnirharvīṣi vā ;
Chandas (meter): virāḍgāyatrī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

दु॒हन्ति॑ । स॒प्त । एका॑म् । उप॑ । द्वा । पञ्च॑ । सृ॒ज॒तः॒ । ती॒र्थे । सिन्धोः॑ । अधि॑ । स्व॒रे ॥
दुहन्ति । सप्त । एकाम् । उप । द्वा । पञ्च । सृजतः । तीर्थे । सिन्धोः । अधि । स्वरे ॥
duhanti | sapta | ekām | upa | dvā | pañca | sṛjataḥ | tīrthe | sindhoḥ | adhi | svare

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 8.72.7 English analysis of grammar]

duhanti < duh

[verb], plural, Present indikative

“milk.”

saptaikām < sapta < saptan

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“seven; seventh.”

saptaikām < ekām < eka

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“one; single(a); alone(p); some(a); single(a); eka [word]; alone(p); excellent; each(a); some(a); one; same; alone(p); some(a); consistent; any(a); undifferentiated; disjunct.”

upa

[adverb]

“towards; on; next.”

dvā < dvi

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“two; dvi [word]; second.”

pañca < pañcan

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“five; fifth; pañcan [word].”

sṛjataḥ < sṛj

[verb], dual, Present indikative

“create; shoot; discharge; free; cause; throw; emit; send; produce; use; be born; make.”

tīrthe < tīrtha

[noun], locative, singular, neuter

“Tīrtha; ford; tīrtha [word]; guru; administrator; fingertip; landing.”

sindhor < sindhoḥ < sindhu

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“river; Indus; sindhu [word].”

adhi

[adverb]

“on; from; accordingly.”

svare < svara

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“voice; noise; sound; voice; note; tone; accent; seven; vowel; Vishnu; cry; accent; cry.”

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