Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 5.69.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्री रो॑च॒ना व॑रुण॒ त्रीँरु॒त द्यून्त्रीणि॑ मित्र धारयथो॒ रजां॑सि । वा॒वृ॒धा॒नाव॒मतिं॑ क्ष॒त्रिय॒स्यानु॑ व्र॒तं रक्ष॑माणावजु॒र्यम् ॥
त्री रोचना वरुण त्रीँरुत द्यून्त्रीणि मित्र धारयथो रजांसि । वावृधानावमतिं क्षत्रियस्यानु व्रतं रक्षमाणावजुर्यम् ॥
trī rocanā varuṇa trīm̐r uta dyūn trīṇi mitra dhārayatho rajāṃsi | vāvṛdhānāv amatiṃ kṣatriyasyānu vrataṃ rakṣamāṇāv ajuryam ||
English translation:
“Mitra and Varuṇa, you uphold the three realms of light, the three heavens, the three regions (of the earth), augmenting the force of the vigorous (indra) and protecting the imperishable rite.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Augmenting the force of the vigorous Indra: vāvṛdhānau amatim kṣatrīyasya: amati = rūpa;
Kṣatriyasya = possessed of strength, kṣatram, balam, an attribute, and here an appellative of Indra; or it may mean, the kṣatriya, or the military
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): urūcakrirātreyaḥ [urūcakrirātreya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): mitrāvaruṇau ;
Chandas (meter): nicṛttriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्री । रो॒च॒ना । व॒रु॒ण॒ । त्रीन् । उ॒त । द्यून् । त्रीणि॑ । मि॒त्र॒ । धा॒र॒य॒थः॒ । रजां॑सि । व॒वृ॒धा॒नौ । अ॒मति॑म् । क्ष॒त्रिय॑स्य । अनु॑ । व्र॒तम् । रक्ष॑माणौ । अ॒जु॒र्यम् ॥
त्री । रोचना । वरुण । त्रीन् । उत । द्यून् । त्रीणि । मित्र । धारयथः । रजांसि । ववृधानौ । अमतिम् । क्षत्रियस्य । अनु । व्रतम् । रक्षमाणौ । अजुर्यम् ॥
trī | rocanā | varuṇa | trīn | uta | dyūn | trīṇi | mitra | dhārayathaḥ | rajāṃsi | vavṛdhānau | amatim | kṣatriyasya | anu | vratam | rakṣamāṇau | ajuryam
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 5.69.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“three; tri/tisṛ [word].”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“light; celestial sphere.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Varuna; varuṇa [word]; Crataeva religiosa Forst.; Varuṇa; varuṇādi.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“three; tri/tisṛ [word].”
[adverb]
“and; besides; uta [indecl.]; similarly; alike; even.”
[noun], accusative, plural, masculine
“sky; Svarga; day; div [word]; heaven and earth; day; dawn.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“three; tri/tisṛ [word].”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“friend; Mitra; mitra [word]; sun; ally.”
[verb], dual, Present indikative
“keep; sustain; put; hold; wear; hold; carry; keep alive; suppress; preserve; remember; stow; stop; have; fill into; endure; support; understand; fixate; govern; restrain.”
[noun], accusative, plural, neuter
“powder; menorrhea; dust; Rajas; atmosphere; rajas; pollen; passion; rajas [word]; sindūra; rust; tin; impurity; dark; sky.”
[verb noun], nominative, dual
“increase; grow; vṛdh; increase; succeed; strengthen; grow up; spread.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“effigy; ignorance; light; light; luster; form.”
[noun], genitive, singular, masculine
“Kshatriya.”
[adverb]
“subsequently; behind; along; towards; because.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“vrata (vote); commandment; law; oath; command; rule; custom; vrata [word]; rule; behavior.”
[verb noun], nominative, dual
“protect; guard; keep; stow; govern; guard; spare; accumulate.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“ageless; amaranthine.”