Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.47.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
वायो॑ शु॒क्रो अ॑यामि ते॒ मध्वो॒ अग्रं॒ दिवि॑ष्टिषु । आ या॑हि॒ सोम॑पीतये स्पा॒र्हो दे॑व नि॒युत्व॑ता ॥
वायो शुक्रो अयामि ते मध्वो अग्रं दिविष्टिषु । आ याहि सोमपीतये स्पार्हो देव नियुत्वता ॥
vāyo śukro ayāmi te madhvo agraṃ diviṣṭiṣu | ā yāhi somapītaye spārho deva niyutvatā ||
English translation:
“Purified (by holy acts) I bring to you, Vāyu, the Soma, first (offered to you at sacrifices) that seek to gain heaven; deity, who are ever longed over, come with your Niyut steeds to drink the Soma juice.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Yajus. 27.30; purified by holy acts: śukraḥ vratacaryādinā dīpto aham, illustrious by observing vows; I bring to you the Soma, first offered: ayāmi te madhvo agram: madhvoḥ = madhum;
Ayāmi = prāpayāmi;
Agram = itarebhyaḥ pūrvam; alternative reading: may the cup (śukra graha) come to you, ayāni, āgacchatu, which is the essence of the Soma, agram sārabhūtaḥ madhunaḥ rasasya].
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): vāyu:;
Chandas (meter): anuṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
वायो॒ इति॑ । शु॒क्रः । अ॒या॒मि॒ । ते॒ । मध्वः॑ । अग्र॑म् । दिवि॑ष्टिषु । आ । या॒हि॒ । सोम॑ऽपीतये । स्पा॒र्हः । दे॒व॒ । नि॒युत्व॑ता ॥
वायो इति । शुक्रः । अयामि । ते । मध्वः । अग्रम् । दिविष्टिषु । आ । याहि । सोमपीतये । स्पार्हः । देव । नियुत्वता ॥
vāyo iti | śukraḥ | ayāmi | te | madhvaḥ | agram | diviṣṭiṣu | ā | yāhi | soma-pītaye | spārhaḥ | deva | niyutvatā
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.47.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“wind; Vayu; vāta; prāṇa (coll.); air; air; fart; breath; northwest; draft; vāyu [word]; Vāyu; Marut.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Venus; Uśanas; Jeth; Agni; śukra [word]; śukra; Soma.”
[verb], singular, Aorist passive
“concentrate; grant; restrain; cause; control; offer; cover; raise.”
[noun], dative, singular
“you.”
[noun], genitive, singular, neuter
“honey; alcohol; sweet; nectar; madhu [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, neuter
“tip; beginning; peak; end; front; top; beginning; battlefront; agra [word]; acme; fingertip; top; best; optimum; climax; matter; glans.”
[noun], locative, plural, feminine
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“go; enter (a state); travel; disappear; reach; come; campaign; elapse; arrive; drive; reach; leave; run; depart; ride.”
[noun], masculine
“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
[noun], dative, singular, feminine
“drinking; haritāla.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“desirable.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine