Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 4.18.1
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒यं पन्था॒ अनु॑वित्तः पुरा॒णो यतो॑ दे॒वा उ॒दजा॑यन्त॒ विश्वे॑ । अत॑श्चि॒दा ज॑निषीष्ट॒ प्रवृ॑द्धो॒ मा मा॒तर॑ममु॒या पत्त॑वे कः ॥
अयं पन्था अनुवित्तः पुराणो यतो देवा उदजायन्त विश्वे । अतश्चिदा जनिषीष्ट प्रवृद्धो मा मातरममुया पत्तवे कः ॥
ayam panthā anuvittaḥ purāṇo yato devā udajāyanta viśve | ataś cid ā janiṣīṣṭa pravṛddho mā mātaram amuyā pattave kaḥ ||
English translation:
“Indra speaks: This is the old and recognized path by which all the gods are born; so, when full-grown, let him be born in the same manner; let him not cause the loss of this his mother.”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): vāmadevo gautamaḥ [vāmadeva gautama];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indrāditī ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
अ॒यम् । पन्थाः॑ । अनु॑ऽवित्तः । पु॒रा॒णः । यतः॑ । दे॒वाः । उ॒त्ऽअजा॑यन्त । विश्वे॑ । अतः॑ । चि॒त् । आ । ज॒नि॒षी॒ष्ट॒ । प्रऽवृ॑द्धः । मा । मा॒तर॑म् । अ॒मु॒या । पत्त॑वे । क॒रिति॑ कः ॥
अयम् । पन्थाः । अनुवित्तः । पुराणः । यतः । देवाः । उत्अजायन्त । विश्वे । अतः । चित् । आ । जनिषीष्ट । प्रवृद्धः । मा । मातरम् । अमुया । पत्तवे । करिति कः ॥
ayam | panthāḥ | anu-vittaḥ | purāṇaḥ | yataḥ | devāḥ | ut-ajāyanta | viśve | ataḥ | cit | ā | janiṣīṣṭa | pra-vṛddhaḥ | mā | mātaram | amuyā | pattave | karitikaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 4.18.1 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“way; road; path [word]; journey; method.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“find; obtain.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“age-old; stale; old; old; traditional; aged.”
[adverb]
“from which; whence; wherein.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“all(a); whole; complete; each(a); viśva [word]; completely; wholly.”
[adverb]
“now; therefore; then; from there; hence; consequently; then; hence; henceforth.”
[adverb]
“even; indeed.”
[adverb]
“towards; ākāra; until; ā; since; according to; ā [suffix].”
[verb], singular, Aorist optative
“become; originate; be born; transform; happen; result; grow; beget; produce; create; conceive; separate; cause; give birth; grow; produce; generate; be; become; arise; come on.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“increase; develop; advance.”
[adverb]
“not.”
[noun], accusative, singular, feminine
“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, feminine
“that; John Doe; yonder; from here.”
[verb noun]
“fall down; drop; fly; issue; fall; fall; decay; hang down; banish; throw; lodge; disappear.”
[verb], singular, Aorist inj. (proh.)
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”