Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 3.40.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
इन्द्र॒ सोमा॑: सु॒ता इ॒मे तव॒ प्र य॑न्ति सत्पते । क्षयं॑ च॒न्द्रास॒ इन्द॑वः ॥
इन्द्र सोमाः सुता इमे तव प्र यन्ति सत्पते । क्षयं चन्द्रास इन्दवः ॥
indra somāḥ sutā ime tava pra yanti satpate | kṣayaṃ candrāsa indavaḥ ||
English translation:
“Indra, lord of the virtuous, these effused Soma juices, exhilarating and brilliant, proceed to your abode.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
Your abode: kṣayam tava: kṣaya = abode; here, it refers to Indra's belly, jaṭhara
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gopavana ātreyaḥ saptavadhrirvā [gopavana ātreya saptavadhrirvā];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): gāyatrī;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
इन्द्र॑ । सोमाः॑ । सु॒ताः । इ॒मे । तव॑ । प्र । य॒न्ति॒ । स॒त्ऽप॒ते॒ । क्षय॑म् । च॒न्द्रासः॑ । इन्द॑वः ॥
इन्द्र । सोमाः । सुताः । इमे । तव । प्र । यन्ति । सत्पते । क्षयम् । चन्द्रासः । इन्दवः ॥
indra | somāḥ | sutāḥ | ime | tava | pra | yanti | sat-pate | kṣayam | candrāsaḥ | indavaḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 3.40.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Soma; moon; soma [word]; Candra.”
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“press out; su.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], genitive, singular
“you.”
[adverb]
“towards; ahead.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“go; travel; enter (a state); return; walk; continue; reach; ask.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
“Indra.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“dwelling; house; kṣaya [word]; home; family.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“aglitter(p); shining.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“moon; Soma; drop; anusvāra; one; Candra; silver; camphor; point; juice.”