Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 2.21.5

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

य॒ज्ञेन॑ गा॒तुम॒प्तुरो॑ विविद्रिरे॒ धियो॑ हिन्वा॒ना उ॒शिजो॑ मनी॒षिण॑: । अ॒भि॒स्वरा॑ नि॒षदा॒ गा अ॑व॒स्यव॒ इन्द्रे॑ हिन्वा॒ना द्रवि॑णान्याशत ॥
यज्ञेन गातुमप्तुरो विविद्रिरे धियो हिन्वाना उशिजो मनीषिणः । अभिस्वरा निषदा गा अवस्यव इन्द्रे हिन्वाना द्रविणान्याशत ॥
yajñena gātum apturo vividrire dhiyo hinvānā uśijo manīṣiṇaḥ | abhisvarā niṣadā gā avasyava indre hinvānā draviṇāny āśata ||

English translation:

“The wise Uśijas, celebrating his praises, have obtained by their sacrifice, from the sender of water (knowledge) of the path (of their cattle); seeking the aid of Indra, and celebrating his praises, they have acquired, whilst uttering hymns and offering adoration (valuable) treasures.”

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): gṛtsamadaḥ śaunakaḥ [gṛtsamada śaunaka];
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): nicṛjjagatī ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

य॒ज्ञेन॑ । गा॒तुम् । अ॒प्ऽतुरः॑ । वि॒वि॒द्रि॒रे॒ । धियः॑ । हि॒न्वा॒नाः । उ॒शिजः॑ । म॒नी॒षिणः॑ । अ॒भि॒ऽस्वरा॑ । नि॒ऽसदा॑ । गाः । अ॒व॒स्यवः॑ । इन्द्रे॑ । हि॒न्वा॒नाः । द्रवि॑णानि । आ॒श॒त॒ ॥
यज्ञेन । गातुम् । अप्तुरः । विविद्रिरे । धियः । हिन्वानाः । उशिजः । मनीषिणः । अभिस्वरा । निसदा । गाः । अवस्यवः । इन्द्रे । हिन्वानाः । द्रविणानि । आशत ॥
yajñena | gātum | apturaḥ | vividrire | dhiyaḥ | hinvānāḥ | uśijaḥ | manīṣiṇaḥ | abhi-svarā | ni-sadā | gāḥ | avasyavaḥ | indre | hinvānāḥ | draviṇāni | āśata

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 2.21.5 English analysis of grammar]

yajñena < yajña

[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine

“yajña; religious ceremony; Vishnu; yajña [word]; Yajña; Shiva.”

gātum < gātu

[noun], accusative, singular, masculine

“path; way.”

apturo < apturaḥ < aptur

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

vividrire < vid

[verb], plural, Perfect indicative

“find; detect; marry; get; think.”

dhiyo < dhiyaḥ < dhī

[noun], accusative, plural, feminine

“intelligence; prayer; mind; insight; idea; hymn; purpose; art; knowledge.”

hinvānā < hinvānāḥ < hi

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“impel; send; spur; stimulate; urge.”

uśijo < uśijaḥ < uśij

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

manīṣiṇaḥ < manīṣin

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“sage; expert; devout.”

abhisvarā < abhisvarāḥ < abhisvara

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

niṣadā < niṣadāḥ < niṣada

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

< gāḥ < go

[noun], accusative, plural, masculine

“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”

avasyava < avasyavaḥ < avasyu

[noun], nominative, plural, masculine

“seeking protection; helpless.”

indre < indra

[noun], locative, singular, masculine

“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”

hinvānā < hinvānāḥ < hi

[verb noun], nominative, plural

“impel; send; spur; stimulate; urge.”

draviṇāny < draviṇāni < draviṇa

[noun], accusative, plural, neuter

“wealth; property; money; jewel.”

āśata <

[verb], plural, Root aorist (Ind.)

“get; reach; enter (a state).”

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