Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.161.13
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सु॒षु॒प्वांस॑ ऋभव॒स्तद॑पृच्छ॒तागो॑ह्य॒ क इ॒दं नो॑ अबूबुधत् । श्वानं॑ ब॒स्तो बो॑धयि॒तार॑मब्रवीत्संवत्स॒र इ॒दम॒द्या व्य॑ख्यत ॥
सुषुप्वांस ऋभवस्तदपृच्छतागोह्य क इदं नो अबूबुधत् । श्वानं बस्तो बोधयितारमब्रवीत्संवत्सर इदमद्या व्यख्यत ॥
suṣupvāṃsa ṛbhavas tad apṛcchatāgohya ka idaṃ no abūbudhat | śvānam basto bodhayitāram abravīt saṃvatsara idam adyā vy akhyata ||
English translation:
“Ṛbhus, reposing in the solar orb, you inquire: who awakens us, unapprehensive (Sun), to this office (of sending rain). The Sun replies: the awakener is the wind; and the year (being ended), you again today light up this (world).”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
The awakener is the wind: śvānam bodhayitāram = the awakener is the dog; but, śvānam = antarkṣe svasantam vāyum, the reposer in the firmament, the wind; saṃvatsare idam adyā vyakhyata, you have made this world today luminous, after the year has expired; i.e. the rainy season has passed, the rays of the sun and moon are again visible
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dīrghatamā aucathyaḥ [dīrghatamas aucathya];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): ṛbhavaḥ ;
Chandas (meter): bhuriktriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
सु॒षु॒प्वांसः॑ । ऋ॒भ॒वः॒ । तत् । अ॒पृ॒च्छ॒त॒ । अगो॑ह्य । कः । इ॒दम् । नः॒ । अ॒बू॒बु॒ध॒त् । श्वान॑म् । ब॒स्तः । बो॒ध॒यि॒तार॑म् । अ॒ब्र॒वी॒त् । स॒व्ँम्व॒त्स॒रे । इ॒दम् । अ॒द्य । वि । अ॒ख्य॒त॒ ॥
सुषुप्वांसः । ऋभवः । तत् । अपृच्छत । अगोह्य । कः । इदम् । नः । अबूबुधत् । श्वानम् । बस्तः । बोधयितारम् । अब्रवीत् । सव्ँम्वत्सरे । इदम् । अद्य । वि । अख्यत ॥
suṣupvāṃsaḥ | ṛbhavaḥ | tat | apṛcchata | agohya | kaḥ | idam | naḥ | abūbudhat | śvānam | bastaḥ | bodhayitāram | abravīt | saṃvatsare | idam | adya | vi | akhyata
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.161.13 English analysis of grammar]
[verb noun], nominative, plural
“sleep; numb; fall asleep.”
[noun], nominative, plural, masculine
“Ribhus.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[verb], plural, Imperfect
“ask; ask; ask; consult; interrogate.”
[noun], vocative, singular, masculine
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“what; who; ka [pronoun].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], accusative, plural
“I; mine.”
[verb], singular, Redupl. Aorist (Ind.)
“understand; notice; wake up; observe; detect; attend to; awaken; attend.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“dog; śvan [word].”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“goat.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[verb], singular, Imperfect
“say; tell; describe; speak; state; answer; call; explain; address; proclaim; talk; talk; choose.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“year; year; saṃvatsara [word].”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[adverb]
“now; today; then; nowadays; adya [word].”
[adverb]
“apart; away; away.”
[verb], plural, Thematic aorist (Ind.)
“name; describe; call; enumerate; watch; know.”