Rig Veda (translation and commentary)

by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382

The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...

Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.

Rig Veda 1.117.20

Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अधे॑नुं दस्रा स्त॒र्यं१॒॑ विष॑क्ता॒मपि॑न्वतं श॒यवे॑ अश्विना॒ गाम् । यु॒वं शची॑भिर्विम॒दाय॑ जा॒यां न्यू॑हथुः पुरुमि॒त्रस्य॒ योषा॑म् ॥
अधेनुं दस्रा स्तर्यं विषक्तामपिन्वतं शयवे अश्विना गाम् । युवं शचीभिर्विमदाय जायां न्यूहथुः पुरुमित्रस्य योषाम् ॥
adhenuṃ dasrā staryaṃ viṣaktām apinvataṃ śayave aśvinā gām | yuvaṃ śacībhir vimadāya jāyāṃ ny ūhathuḥ purumitrasya yoṣām ||

English translation:

Dasras, you fille dthe milkless, barren, and emaciated cow of Śayu with milk; you brought, by your powers, the daughter of Purumitra, as a wife, of Vimada.”

Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya

Purumitra was a rājā

Details:

Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kakṣīvān;
Devatā (deity/subject-matter): aśvinau ;
Chandas (meter): virāṭtrisṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;

Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:

अधे॑नुम् । द॒स्रा । स्त॒र्य॑म् । विऽस॑क्ताम् । अपि॑न्वतम् । श॒यवे॑ । अ॒श्वि॒ना॒ । गाम् । यु॒वम् । शची॑भिः । वि॒ऽम॒दाय॑ । जा॒याम् । नि । ऊ॒ह॒थुः॒ । पु॒रु॒ऽमि॒त्रस्य॑ । योषा॑म् ॥
अधेनुम् । दस्रा । स्तर्यम् । विसक्ताम् । अपिन्वतम् । शयवे । अश्विना । गाम् । युवम् । शचीभिः । विमदाय । जायाम् । नि । ऊहथुः । पुरुमित्रस्य । योषाम् ॥
adhenum | dasrā | staryam | vi-saktām | apinvatam | śayave | aśvinā | gām | yuvam | śacībhiḥ | vi-madāya | jāyām | ni | ūhathuḥ | puru-mitrasya | yoṣām

Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda

[Rigveda 1.117.20 English analysis of grammar]

adhenuṃ < adhenum < adhenu

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

dasrā < dasra

[noun], nominative, dual, masculine

“Asvins.”

staryaṃ < staryam < starī

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“barren cow.”

viṣaktām < viṣañj < √sañj

[verb noun], accusative, singular

apinvataṃ < apinvatam < pinv

[verb], dual, Imperfect

“swell; swell; overflow; abound.”

śayave < śayu

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

aśvinā < aśvin

[noun], vocative, dual, masculine

“Asvins; two.”

gām < go

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“cow; cattle; go [word]; Earth; bull; floor; milk; beam; sunbeam; leather; hide; horn; language; bowstring; earth; ox; Svarga.”

yuvaṃ < yuvam < tvad

[noun], nominative, dual

“you.”

śacībhir < śacībhiḥ < śacī

[noun], instrumental, plural, feminine

“Śacī; power; dexterity; ability; aid.”

vimadāya < vimada

[noun], dative, singular, masculine

“Vimada.”

jāyāṃ < jāyām < jāyā

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“wife; jāyā [word].”

ny < ni

[adverb]

“back; down.”

ūhathuḥ < vah

[verb], dual, Perfect indicative

“transport; bring; marry; run; drive; vāhay; drive; run; pull; nirvāpay; blow; transport; discharge; assume; remove.”

purumitrasya < purumitra

[noun], genitive, singular, masculine

“Purumitra.”

yoṣām < yoṣā

[noun], accusative, singular, feminine

“woman; puppet; daughter.”

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