Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 1.102.9
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वां दे॒वेषु॑ प्रथ॒मं ह॑वामहे॒ त्वं ब॑भूथ॒ पृत॑नासु सास॒हिः । सेमं न॑: का॒रुमु॑पम॒न्युमु॒द्भिद॒मिन्द्र॑: कृणोतु प्रस॒वे रथं॑ पु॒रः ॥
त्वां देवेषु प्रथमं हवामहे त्वं बभूथ पृतनासु सासहिः । सेमं नः कारुमुपमन्युमुद्भिदमिन्द्रः कृणोतु प्रसवे रथं पुरः ॥
tvāṃ deveṣu prathamaṃ havāmahe tvam babhūtha pṛtanāsu sāsahiḥ | semaṃ naḥ kārum upamanyum udbhidam indraḥ kṛṇotu prasave ratham puraḥ ||
English translation:
“We invoke you, Indra, the first among the gods; you have been the victor in battles; may Indra put foremost in the battle this our chariot, which is efficient, impetuous, and the uprooter (of all impediments).”
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): kutsaḥ āṅgirasaḥ [kutsa āṅgirasa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): indra:;
Chandas (meter): svarāṭtriṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
त्वाम् । दे॒वेषु॑ । प्र॒थ॒मम् । ह॒वा॒म॒हे॒ । त्वम् । ब॒भू॒थ॒ । पृत॑नासु । स॒स॒हिः । सः । इ॒मम् । नः॒ । का॒रुम् । उ॒प॒ऽम॒न्युम् । उ॒त्ऽभिद॑म् । इन्द्रः॑ । कृ॒णो॒तु॒ । प्र॒ऽस॒वे । रथ॑म् । पु॒रः ॥
त्वाम् । देवेषु । प्रथमम् । हवामहे । त्वम् । बभूथ । पृतनासु । ससहिः । सः । इमम् । नः । कारुम् । उपमन्युम् । उत्भिदम् । इन्द्रः । कृणोतु । प्रसवे । रथम् । पुरः ॥
tvām | deveṣu | prathamam | havāmahe | tvam | babhūtha | pṛtanāsu | sasahiḥ | saḥ | imam | naḥ | kārum | upa-manyum | ut-bhidam | indraḥ | kṛṇotu | pra-save | ratham | puraḥ
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 1.102.9 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], accusative, singular
“you.”
[noun], locative, plural, masculine
“Deva; Hindu deity; king; deity; Indra; deva [word]; God; Jina; Viśvedevās; mercury; natural phenomenon; gambling.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“first; prathama [word]; third; young; chief(a); best; antecedent.”
[verb], plural, Present indikative
“raise; call on; call; summon.”
[noun], nominative, singular
“you.”
[verb], singular, Perfect indicative
“become; be; originate; transform; happen; result; exist; be born; be; be; come to life; grow; elapse; come to mind; thrive; become; impend; show; conceive; understand; stand; constitute; serve; apply; behave.”
[noun], locative, plural, feminine
“army; battle; pṛtanā [word]; pṛtanā.”
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“victorious.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); respective(a); that; nominative; then; particular(a); genitive; instrumental; accusative; there; tad [word]; dative; once; same.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“this; he,she,it (pers. pron.); here.”
[noun], genitive, plural
“I; mine.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“poet; singer.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“Indra; leader; best; king; first; head; self; indra [word]; Indra; sapphire; fourteen; guru.”
[verb], singular, Present imperative
“make; perform; cause; produce; shape; construct; do; put; fill into; use; fuel; transform; bore; act; write; create; prepare; administer; dig; prepare; treat; take effect; add; trace; put on; process; treat; heed; hire; act; produce; assume; eat; ignite; chop; treat; obey; manufacture; appoint; evacuate; choose; understand; insert; happen; envelop; weigh; observe; practice; lend; bring; duplicate; plant; kṛ; concentrate; mix; knot; join; take; provide; utter; compose.”
[noun], locative, singular, masculine
“stimulation.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“chariot; warrior; ratha [word]; Dalbergia oojeinensis; rattan.”
[adverb]
“ahead; puras [word]; easterly; eastward; east; earlier.”