Section IV - King Dhritarashtra reflects on the merits of Earth and the beings that inhabit it
Book index: Mahabharata (English)
This page contains a summary of the Mahabharata Section IV including examples of moral lessons in daily life. The Maha-Bharata is one of the largest epics ever written containing roughly 100,000 Sanskrit verses. It deals with the legendary history of ancient India and contains a large number of interwoven tales.
Short summary of the chapter:
Vyasa informs Dhritarashtra that kings are fighting each other for the possession of earth, willing to lay down their lives for it. Dhritarashtra questions Sanjaya about the situation and dimensions of the countries and cities from which the warriors have come. Sanjaya explains the different species of creatures on earth, including wild and domestic animals, as well as immobile plants, totaling twenty-four in all. He emphasizes the importance of the Earth as the support and refuge of all living beings, and mentions the significance of the Gayatri mantra in understanding the Earth's sacred nature. Dhritarashtra realizes the futility of kings fighting for the possession of Earth, ultimately leading to destruction and loss of life.
Full English translation:
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Section IV, online text
English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguli.
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Mahabharata (English Summary)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguli | ISBN-10: 8121505933
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FAQ of Mahabharata, Section IV:
What are the different species of animals mentioned in the story?
Animals are divided into wild (like lions and tigers) and domestic (like cows and horses). There are fourteen species mentioned altogether.
Why are kings fighting each other for the possession of Earth?
Kings desire Earth for prosperity, willing to sacrifice lives in battle. Earth is considered eternal and the refuge of all creatures.
Daily life: King Dhritarashtra reflects on the merits of Earth and the beings that inhabit it:
In the tale recounted by Vaisampayana, we're taught a profound lesson about the interconnectedness of all life forms and the earth's essential role in sustaining them. The earth is depicted as the foundation and ultimate refuge for both mobile and immobile creatures, highlighting its eternal nature and the cyclic process of life and death. This narrative reminds us that everything originates from the earth and eventually returns to it, emphasizing our shared responsibility to honor and protect our planet.
In daily life, this wisdom can inspire us to live more consciously and sustainably. By recognizing the value of all living beings, we can foster a sense of compassion and stewardship towards the earth and its inhabitants. Making choices that minimize harm to the environment, such as reducing waste, conserving natural resources, and supporting biodiversity, are practical ways to embody these teachings. Ultimately, this story encourages us to view the earth not just as a resource, but as a sacred trust to be nurtured for the benefit of all forms of life.