Chapter 41

brahmovāca |
vedādhyayanamapyetadbrāhmaṇyaṃ pratipadyate |
vipravadvaiśyarājanyau rākṣasā rāvaṇādayaḥ || 1 ||
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śvādacāṇḍāladāsāśca lubdhakābhīradhīvarāḥ |
yenye'pi vṛṣalāḥ kecitte'pi vedānadhīyate || 2 ||
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yadā deśāntaraṃ gatvā brāhmaṇyaṃ kṣatriyaṃ śritāḥ |
vyāpārākārabhāvādyairvipratulyaiḥ prakalpitaiḥ || 3 ||
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vedānadhītya vedau vā vedaṃ vāpi yathākramam |
prodvahanti śubhāṃ kanyāṃ śuddhabrāhmaṇajā narāḥ || 4 ||
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athavādhītya vedāṃstu kṣatravaiśyaistu1 vā narāḥ |
gauḍapūrvāṃ kṛtāmeyurjātiṃ vā dākṣiṇātyajām || 5 ||
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aparijñātaśūdratvādbrāhmaṇyaṃ yānti kāmataḥ |
tasmānna jñāyate bhedo vedādhyāyakriyākṛtaḥ || 6 ||
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śāstrakāraistathā coktaṃ nyāyamārgānusāribhiḥ |
te sādhu matamākarṇya santaḥ santi vimatsarāḥ || 7 ||
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ācārahīnānna punaṃti vedā yadyapyadhītāḥ saha ṣadbhiraṅgaiḥ || 2 ||
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śilpaṃ hi vedādhyayanaṃ dvijānāṃ vṛttaṃ smṛtaṃ brāhmaṇalakṣaṇaṃ tu || 8 ||
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adhītya caturo vedānyadi vṛtte na tiṣṭhati |
na tena kriyate kāryaṃ strīratneneva ṣaṇḍhakaḥ || 9 ||
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śikhāpraṇavasaṃskārasandhyopāsanamekhalāḥ |
daṇḍājinapavitrādyāḥ śūdreṣvapi niraṅkuśāḥ || 10 ||
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prasaṅgo'pi hi śūdrāṇāṃ na śakyo vinivāritum |
devottamatrayeṇāpi nivartante narāḥ svayam || 11 ||
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tasmānnaite'pi lakṣyante vilakṣaṇatayā1 nṛṇām |
yajñopavītasaṃskāramekhalācūlikādayaḥ || 12 ||
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ābhicārikamantrādyairdurlabhatvādibhāṣaṇaiḥ |
brāhmaṇasyaiva śaktiścetkenāsya vinihanyate || 13 ||
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tapaḥ satyādimāhātmyāddevatāsamayasmṛtiḥ |
mantraśaktirnṛṇāmeṣāṃ sarveṣāmapi vidyate || 14 ||
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vañcanaṃ durvacasyāpi kriyate sarvamānavaiḥ |
śūdrabrāhmaṇayostasmānnāsti bhedaḥ kathañcana || 15 ||
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śāpānugrahakāritvaṃ śaktibhedo na vidyate |
cauracāṭādirājanyadurjanābhihate nṛṇām || 16 ||
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ātmāduḥkhodayāpāyaṃ sveṣu jantuṣu rakṣaṇam |
kartuṃ na prabhavecchūdro brāhmaṇastadvadeva hi || 17 ||
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mā bhūdyuge kalāvetaddeśe cākāryakṛddvije |
syādanyadeśakālādau dvijānāmatiśāyinām || 18 ||
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śāpānugrahasāmarthyamanyadvādhyātmagocaram |
brahmasādhanametaddhi liṅgaṃ kecitpracakṣate || 19 ||
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saṃsārāraktacetaskā mohāndhatamasāvṛtāḥ |
patantyunmārgagarteṣu pratyagni śalabhā yathā || 20 ||
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jātidharmaḥ svayaṃ kiñjidviśeṣaḥ śrutisaṅgamāt |
asiddhaḥ śūdrajātīnāṃ prasiddho viprajātiṣu || 21 ||
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saṃskāro yonisādhyo vā sāmagrī prabhavo'tha vā |
śūdrebhyo'tiśayaṃ dhatte yaḥ sādhāraṇatāguṇaḥ || 22 ||
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viprāṇāṃ pañcadhā bhedaḥ kalpanīyastu paṇḍitaiḥ |
na jātijastrayījo vā viśeṣo yuktibādhakāt |
kramākramakriyāḥ santi na sanātanavastunaḥ || 23 ||
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nityo na heturvigatakriyatvāddheturbhavedvedaviśeṣataḥ saḥ |
sa tatsamastatpratisannidhānātkālātyayekṣitvamayuktameva || 24 ||
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svāntaḥ śarīravṛttisthaḥ śrutiyogādudeti yaḥ |
so'nanyavedavijñātasvabhāvo'nyairna gamyate || 25 ||
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viśiṣṭādhītidharmatve kṛtrimā brahmasaṅgatiḥ |
yasyāsyatiśayastasya nānyo nāśrayate yadi || 26 ||
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dṛśyasvabhāvaṃ kimabhīṣṭametadbrāhmaṇyamāhosvidadṛṣṭarūpam |
sarvaiḥ pratīyeta hi dṛśyarūpaṃ tato'nyathāvadgatireva na syāt || 27 ||
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sāmagryabhāvātparamaṃ viśeṣaṃ bhūdevagātrasthamabhūmidevāḥ |
smaranti tenātmani puṇyapāpaṃ yathā tathetyetadayuktamuktam || 28 ||
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sāmagryanuṣṭhānaguṇaiḥ samagrāḥ śūdrā yataḥ santi samā dvijānām |
tasmādviśeṣo dvijaśūdranāmnornādhyātmiko bāhyanimittako vā || 29 ||
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saṃskārataḥ so'tiśayo yadi syātsarvasya puṃso'styatisaṃskṛtasya |
yaḥ saṃskṛto vipragaṇapradhāno vyāsādikaistena na tasya sāmyam1 || 30 ||
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hetutvaṃ ghaṭate1 naiṣāṃ jātyādīnāmasambhavāt |
jāterakṛtakatvācca adhīte na viśeṣataḥ || 31 ||
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saṃskārātiśayābhāvādantarasyāgate paraiḥ |
bhautikatvāccharīrasya samastānāmasaṃhataiḥ || 32 ||
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kiṃ cānyanāstikamleccha yavanādijaneṣvalam2 || 33 ||
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vedoditabahirduṣṭacariteṣu durātmasu |
dharmādatiśayo3 dṛṣṭaḥ krūrasāhasikādiṣu |
tasmādvipreṣu jātyādisāmagrīprabhavo na saḥ || 34 ||
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tasmānna ca vibhedo'sti na bahirnāntarātmani |
sukhādau na caiśvarye nājñāyāṃ nābhayeṣvapi || 35 ||
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na vīrye nākṛtau nākṣe na vyāpāre na cāyuṣi |
nāṅge puṣṭe na daurbalye na sthairye nāpi cāpale || 36 ||
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na prajñāyāṃ na vairāgye na dharme na parākrame |
na trivarge na naipuṇye na rūpādau na bheṣaje || 37 ||
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na strīgarbhe na gamane na dehamalasamplave |
nāsthirandhre na ca premṇi na pramāṇeṣu lomasu || 38 ||
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śūdrabrāhmaṇyorbhedo mṛgyamāṇo'pi yatnataḥ |
nekṣyate sarvadharmeṣu saṃhataistridaśairapi || 39 ||
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uktamātrā visambhūtirvicārakramakāribhiḥ |
vṛddhavṛndārakādhīśairapradhṛṣyamidaṃ vacaḥ || 40 ||
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na brāhmaṇāścandramarīciśubhrā na kṣatriyāḥ kiṃśukapuṣpavarṇāḥ |
na ceha vaiśyā haritālatulyāḥ śūdrā na cāṅgārasamānavarṇāḥ || 41 ||
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pādapracāraistanuvarṇakeśaiḥ sukhena duḥkhena ca śoṇitena |
tvaṅmāṃsamedosthirasaiḥ1 samānāścatuṣprabhedā hi kathaṃ bhavanti || 42 ||
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varṇapramāṇākṛtigarbhavāsavāgbuddhikarmendriyajīviteṣu |
balatrivargāmayabheṣajeṣu na vidyate jātikṛto viśeṣaḥ || 43 ||
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sa eka evātra patiḥ prajānāṃ kathaṃ punarjātikṛtaḥ prabhedaḥ |
pramāṇadṛṣṭāntanayapravādaiḥ parīkṣyamāṇo vighaṭatvameti || 44 ||
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catvāra ekasya pituḥ sutāśca teṣāṃ sutānāṃ khalu jātirekā |
evaṃ prajānāṃ hi pitaika evaṃ pitraikabhāvānna ca jātibhedaḥ || 45 ||
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phalānyathodumbaravṛkṣajāteryathāgramadhyāntabhavāni yāni |
varṇākṛtisparśarasaiḥ samāni tathaikato jātiratipracintyā || 46 ||
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ye kauśikāḥ kāśyapagautamāśca kauṃḍinyamāṇḍavyavaśiṣṭhagotrāḥ |
ātreyakautsāṅgirasaḥ sagargā maudgalyakātyāyanabhārgavāśca || 47 ||
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gotrāṇi nānāvidhajātayaśca bhrātṛsnuṣāmaithunaputrabhāvāḥ |
vaivāhikaṃ karma na varṇabhedaḥ sarvāṇi śilpāni bhavanti teṣām || 48 ||
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ye cānye2 paṇḍitāḥ prāhurdehabrāhmaṇatāṃ narāḥ |
teṣāṃ durdṛṣṭitimiramapanīyānukampya ca || 49 ||
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nyāyāñjanauṣadhairdivyaiḥ pariṇāmasukhāvahaiḥ |
upanītaḥ prayatnena sudṛṣṭiṃ saṃvidadmahe || 50 ||
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mṛtimattvācca nāśitvaṃ nāśitvāccheṣabhūtavat || 1 ||
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dehādhāraniviṣṭānāṃ brāhmaṇyaṃ na prakalpyate || 51 ||
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ekaikovayavasteṣāṃ na brāhmaṇyaṃ samaśnute |
na cānekasamūhe'pi sarvathātiprasaṅgataḥ || 52 ||
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pṛthivyudakavāyyagnipariṇāmaviśeṣataḥ |
dehataḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ brāhmaṇatvaprasaṅgataḥ || 53 ||
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dehasya brāhmaṇatvaṃ yairatattvajñaiḥ prakalpyate |
saṃskartṝṇāṃ śarīrasya teṣāṃ na brahmatā bhavet || 54 ||
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mṛgyamāṇe prayatnena dehe tannopalabhyate |
tasmānna dehe brāhmaṇyaṃ nāpi dehātmakaṃ bhavet || 55 ||
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varṇāpasadacāṃḍālaśvādādīnāṃ3 prasajyate |
yadi dehasya vipratvaṃ bhavadbhirupagamyate || 56 ||
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dehaśaktiguṇaiḥ kṣīṇaiḥ kāyabhasmādirūpavat |
tasmāddehātmakenaitadbrāhmaṇyaṃ nāpi karmajam || 57 ||
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