Tarkabhasha, Tarka-bhasha, Tarka-abhasa, Tarkabhāṣā, Tarkābhāsa: 11 definitions
Introduction:
Tarkabhasha means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Tarkabhāṣā can be transliterated into English as Tarkabhasa or Tarkabhasha, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
Alternative spellings of this word include Tarkabhas.
In Hinduism
Nyaya (school of philosophy)
Source: Shodhganga: A study of Nyāya-vaiśeṣika categoriesTarkabhāṣā (तर्कभाषा) is a Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika prakaraṇa written by Keśava Miśra by about 13th century A.D. It explains mainly the sixteen categories of Gautama. This work is divided into two sections, viz. Pūrvabhāga and Uttarabhāga. In the Pūrvabhāga, the author deals with the pramāṇas and in the Uttarabhāga, the prameyas. There are many commentaries on Tarkabhāṣā written by different commentators, such as Vardhamāṇa, Chennubhaṭṭa, Nāgeśabhaṭṭa, Dinakarabhaṭṭa and Gopinātha. Vardhamāṇa is supposed to be the first commentator and his commentary is Tarkabhāṣāprakāśa. This work is very popular and prescribed as textbook in many Universities of India.
Nyaya (न्याय, nyaya) refers to a school of Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. The Nyaya philosophy is known for its theories on logic, methodology and epistemology, however, it is closely related with Vaisheshika in terms of metaphysics.
General definition (in Hinduism)
Source: Wisdom Library: HinduismThe Tārkabhaṣā (13th century CE) by Keśava Miśra is an important Sanskrit treatise on the Nyāya school of philosophy. Nyāya (“method”) is one of the six orthodox schools of Hinduism who accept the authority of the Vedas, primarily dealing with logic, methodology and metaphysics.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryTarkābhāsa (तर्काभास).—fallacious reasoning, fallacy in drawing conclusions.
Derivable forms: tarkābhāsaḥ (तर्काभासः).
Tarkābhāsa is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms tarka and ābhāsa (आभास).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryTarkābhāsa (तर्काभास).—m.
(-saḥ) Apparent reduction to absurdity, or seeming not real, incompatibility of the conclusion with the premises. E. tarka, and ābhāsa fallacy.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Aufrecht Catalogus Catalogorum1) Tarkabhāṣā (तर्कभाषा) as mentioned in Aufrecht’s Catalogus Catalogorum:—by Viśvanātha Pañcānana (?). [Mackenzie Collection] 17.
2) Tarkabhāṣā (तर्कभाषा):—by Keśavamiśra. Io. 47. 1517. Paris. (B 158 b. D 59 e. Gr. 27). Hall. p. 22. L. 840. 1110. Khn. 62. K. 146. B. 4, 18. Ben. 163. 165. 178. 206. 207. 235. 239. Bik. 544. Kāṭm. 5. Rādh. 12. Oudh. Xiv, 74. Xv, 90. Np. Iv, 4. Ix, 24. Burnell. 118^a. Gu. 6 (and—[commentary]). Mysore. 3. Bh. 31. P. 20. Jac. 697. H. 256. Taylor. 1, 25. 111. 113. 116. 136. 248. 400. Oppert. 430. 554. 894. 1452. 1453. 1455. 2338. 2849. 3305. 6348. 7710. 7975. Ii, 2050. 2249. 2934. 3500. 4298. 7571. 9586. 9928. Rice. 108. Bühler 556.
—[commentary] Paris. (Tel. 46).
—[commentary] Bālabodhinī. Rādh. 12.
—[commentary] Tarkadīpikā by Keśava Bhaṭṭa. Burnell. 118^a.
—[commentary] Tarkabhāṣāprakāśikā by Kauṇḍinya Dīkṣita. Hall. p. 24. K. 146. Ben. 164. Jac. 697.
—[commentary] by Gaṅgeśa Dīkṣita (?). Oppert. Ii, 2250. 9587.
—[commentary] Tattvaprabodhinī by Gaṇeśa Dīkṣita. Burnell. 118^b. Taylor. 1, 114. Oppert. 1456. 7976. Rice. 108.
—[sub-commentary] Nyāyavilāsa by Viśvanātha Bhaṭṭa. Burnell. 118^b. Oppert. Ii, 8047.
—[commentary] by Guṇḍubhaṭṭa. Oppert. 418. 431.
—[commentary] Ujjvalā by Gopīnātha. Cop. 8. Hall. p. 24. Khn. 62. Burnell. 118^b. Rice. 104.
—[commentary] by Govardhanamiśra. See Tarkabhāṣāprakāśa.
—[commentary] Tarkabhāṣābhāvārthadīpikā or Tarkabhāṣāprakāśikā by Gaurīkānta. [Mackenzie Collection] 17. Hall. p. 23. Khn. 62. Ben. 163. 164. 187. Rādh. 12. Oudh. 1877, 38. V, 20. Np. I, 118. Burnell. 118^a. Oppert. 1948. 6096. Ii, 4102.
—[commentary] by Cinnambhaṭṭa. Oxf. 244^a. Paris. (Tel. 38). Hall. p. 23. B. 4, 18. Burnell. 118^b. P. 20. Bhr. 285. Taylor. 1, 246. 248. 249. 399. Oppert. 424. 2322. 2824. 5039. 6355. Ii, 4718. Rice. 108. W. 1619.
—[sub-commentary] Nyāyaprakāśikā. Oppert. 2825.
—[commentary] Tarkabhāṣāprakāśikā by Caitanyabhaṭṭa (Cinnambhaṭṭa ?). K. 148.
—[commentary] Yuktimuktāvalī by Nāgeśa. K. 156. Oppert. Ii, 9588.
—[commentary] by Nārāyaṇa Bhaṭṭa. Khn. 62. Oudh. Ix, 14.
—[commentary] Tarkabhāṣāprakāśikā by Balabhadra. Hall. p. 22. B. 4, 18. Ben. 208. 226. Oudh. Ix, 14. Rice. 108. Peters. 3, 390.
—[commentary] Paribhāṣādarpaṇa by Bhāskara Bhaṭṭa. L. 2483.
—[commentary] Tarkabhāṣāsāramañjarī by Mādhavadeva. Io. 47. W. p. 203. Hall. p. 23. Bik. 545. Rādh. 12. Bhr. 285.
—[commentary] by Murāri Bhaṭṭa. Gu. 6.
—[commentary] Nyāyasaṃgraha by Rāmaliṅga. Io. 614.
—[commentary] Tarkabhāṣābhāva by Rombilla Veṅkaṭabudha. Mysore. 6.
—[commentary] by Vinnibhaṭṭa. Kh. 88. Bik. 713.
Tarkabhāṣā has the following synonyms: Tarkaparibhāṣā.
3) Tarkabhāṣā (तर्कभाषा):—
—[commentary] by Gopīnātha. delete Khn. 62.
—[commentary] by Cinnambhaṭṭa. read Oppert. I, 6335 instead of 6355.
—[commentary] by Mādhavadeva. read Bhr. 284.
—[commentary] by Murāri. add Burnell. 119^a.
4) Tarkabhāṣā (तर्कभाषा):—by Keśavamiśra. Bl. 212. Fl. 241-43. 496. Io. 47. 1517. 1731. 2036. 2122. 2346. 3030. Oudh. Xx, 204. Peters. 4, 15. Rgb. 755. Stein 145.
—[commentary] by Gaṅgādhara. Rgb. 760.
—[commentary] by Gaṇeśa Dīkṣita. Gov. Or. Libr. Madras 31.
—[commentary] Tarkabhāṣābhāvārthadīpikā by Gaurīkānta. Io. 1538. Stein 145. 146.
—[commentary] by Cinnambhaṭṭa. Rgb. 758. Stein 145.
—[commentary] Tarkakaumudī by Dinakara Bhaṭṭa, son of Padmākara Bhaṭṭa. Bl. 210.
—[commentary] by Nārāyaṇa Bhaṭṭa. Oudh. Xxi, 130.
—[commentary] Tarkabhāṣāprakāśikā by Balabhadra. Oudh. Xxi, 132. Peters. 4, 15. Stein 145.
—[commentary] Tarkabhāṣāsāramañjarī by Mādhavadeva. Peters. 4, 15. Rgb. 759.
—[commentary] by Murāri Bhaṭṭa. Fl. 497.
—[commentary] Tarkabhāṣāprasādinī by Vāgīśa Bhaṭṭa. Rgb. 756.
Tarkabhāṣā has the following synonyms: Tarkaparibhāṣā.
5) Tarkabhāṣā (तर्कभाषा):—by Keśavamiśra. Ulwar 648.
—[commentary] Tarkabhāṣāprakāśa by Akhaṇḍānanda. Hz. 474 (inc.). 517 (inc.).
—[commentary] Tarkabhāṣāprakāśikā by Kauṇḍinya Dīkṣita. Ulwar 649.
—[commentary] Bhāvārthadīpikā by Gaurīkānta. Ulwar 651.
—[commentary] Tarkabhāṣāprakāśikā by Cinnambhaṭṭa. Hz. 416. 512. Ulwar 650.
—[sub-commentary] by Rāviḷḷaveṅkaṭabudha. Hz. 360. Extr. 75.
—[commentary] Tarkaprakāśa by Vardhamāna (?). Ulwar 653.
—[sub-commentary] by Rucidatta (?). Ulwar 654.
—[commentary] by Śrīkaṇṭha. Ulwar 652.
6) Tarkabhāṣā (तर्कभाषा):—by Keśavamiśra. As p. 74 (2 Mss.). Bc 418. Bd. 744-750. Cs 3, 336. 340 (inc.). 342. 343. 344 (inc.). Hz. 1145. L.. 929. 930. 931 (inc.). Whish 99, 1. C. Tarkabhāṣāprakāśa by Govardhana. Ak 819. 820. C. [anonymous] Hz. 1426 (inc.). Peters. 5, 209. C. Tarkabhāṣāprakāśikā by Kauṇḍinya Bhaṭṭa. Peters. 5, 208. C. Bhāvārthadīpikā by Gaurīkānta. Bc 351. Cs 3, 341 (inc.). Hpr. 1, 142. Hz. 1470. C. Whish 114, 2. C. Tarkabhāṣāprakāśikā by Cinnambhaṭṭa. Bd. 752. Whish 99, 2 ([fragmentary]). C. by RephellaVeṅkaṭa. Hz. 863. See Pref. p. Xv. C. by Bhāskara Bhaṭṭa. Cs 3, 337 (Ms. of 1495). C. by Murāri Bhaṭṭa. Bd. 751. Tarkabhāṣāvārttika. Bd. 753. Tarkabhāṣāpadakṛtya. Ak 818. Tarkabhāṣopanyāsa. Ak 821.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Tarkabhāṣā (तर्कभाषा):—[=tarka-bhāṣā] [from tarka > tark] f. Name of a Nyāya manual by Keśava-bhaṭṭa
2) Tarkābhāsa (तर्काभास):—[from tarka > tark] m. apparent reasoning, or confutation, [Horace H. Wilson]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryTarkābhāsa (तर्काभास):—[tarkā+bhāsa] (saḥ) 1. m. Apparent reduction to absurdity.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryTarkābhāsa (तर्काभास) [Also spelled tarkabhas]:—(nm) fallacy, fallacious argument.
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Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusTarkābhāsa (ತರ್ಕಾಭಾಸ):—[noun] a clever and plausible but fallacious argument or form of reasoning, intended to deceive; sophism.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Bhasha, Abhasa, Tarka.
Starts with: Tarkabhashabhavaprahashika, Tarkabhashaprakasha, Tarkabhashaprakashika, Tarkabhashasaramanjari.
Full-text (+11): Tarkabhashaprakasha, Tarkaparibhasha, Tarkabhashaprakashika, Tarkabhashabhavaprahashika, Tarkabhashasaramanjari, Gaurikanta, Tarkabhas, Dharmabhasha, Tarkaprakasha, Bhaskara bhatta, Bhavarthadipika, Samavayikaranatva, Tarkanubhashya, Tarkadipika, Gaurikanta sarvabhauma bhattacarya, Vishvanatha pancanana bhattacarya, Keshavamishra, Nirvikalpaka, Savikalpaka, Keshava bhatta.
Relevant text
Search found 12 books and stories containing Tarkabhasha, Tarkabhasa, Tarka-bhasa, Tarka-bhasha, Tarka-abhasa, Tarkabhāṣā, Tarkābhāsa, Tārka-bhāṣā, Tarka-ābhāsa, Tarka-bhāṣā; (plurals include: Tarkabhashas, Tarkabhasas, bhasas, bhashas, abhasas, Tarkabhāṣās, Tarkābhāsas, bhāṣās, ābhāsas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
The validity of Anumana (inference) in Nyaya system (by Babu C. D)
Chapter 4.2.3 - The Prakaranas (c): Tarkabhasa by Kesava Mishra
Chapter 3.2 - Classifications of Inference (Anumana)
Formal Education System in Ancient India (by Sushmita Nath)
The Jagaddala university < [Chapter 3 - Centres of Learning in Vedic and Buddhist Period]
Anumana in Indian Philosophy (by Sangita Chakravarty)
(E). Liṅga—its varieties < [Chapter 2 - Treatment of Anumāna in Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika Philosophy]
(F). Fallacy (Hetvābhāsa) < [Chapter 2 - Treatment of Anumāna in Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika Philosophy]
(D). Vyāpti and Pakṣadharmatā < [Chapter 2 - Treatment of Anumāna in Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika Philosophy]
A study of the philosophy of Jainism (by Deepa Baruah)
Nyaya-Vaisheshika categories (Study) (by Diptimani Goswami)
Varieties of Abhāva (Introduction) < [Chapter 7 - Abhāva (Non-existence)]
The Nature of Substance (Dravya) < [Chapter 3 - Dravya (Substance)]
Abhāva (1): Prāgabhāva < [Chapter 7 - Abhāva (Non-existence)]
A comparative study between Buddhism and Nyaya (by Roberta Pamio)
3.4. Perception according to others < [Chapter 4 - The Nyāya Theory of Perception]