Chapter 11 - Meditation As A Corrective Measure

1. The corrective goal of a concentration practice is to overcome scattered thoughts, a dull and sleepy state of mind, and absent mindedness.

2. The corrective goal of an observation practice is, in addition to the corrective goal of a concentration practice, to refrain from becoming entangled with the object being observed and thereby losing the cool impartiality of an onlooker.

3. Helpful methods for achieving the corrective goals:

3.1 To overcome scattered thoughts:

When there are only few and occasional occurrences of scattered thoughts, bring one"s attention back to the practice as soon as one becomes aware of the intruding thoughts. When the scattered thoughts are too many or recurring often, come down from the seat and walk in circumambulation while chanting the holy name of a Buddha or a mantra.

3.2 To overcome a dull and sleepy state of mind:

When the dull and sleepy state is shallow, open the eyes wide and bite the teeth several times, and erect the trunk; if the clothing keeps one too warm, change to lighter wear. When the dullness and sleepiness is deep, come down from the seat and go wash the face, or simply take a nap.

3.3 To overcome absent mindedness:

Return one"s attention to the practice as soon as one becomes aware of one"s absent mindedness.

3.4 To overcome entanglement during observation:

When one becomes aware of being lost in the entanglement, remind oneself that such entanglement amounts to self deception and will yield no fruit, hence it should be given up right away. Immediately return to the attitude of an objective onlooker.

3.5 Pay no attention to the unusual sounds, sights and movements of one"s body or inner airflow that sometimes occur during meditation; simply follow the instruction of the meditation method and practice accordingly.